Sunday, February 2, 2020

Jungfraujoch - The Top of Europe

Image result for jungfraujoch

Image result for jungfraujoch
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigationJump to search
Jungfraujoch
Bernese Alps.jpg
The Bernese Alps with Jungfrau in the middle, and Jungfraujoch, its saddle, to the right, and the Jungfraufirn; as seen from east
Highest point
Elevation3,466 m (11,371 ft) [1]
Coordinates46°32′50″N 7°58′50″ECoordinates46°32′50″N 7°58′50″E
Naming
English translationVirgin Yoke
Language of nameGerman
Geography
Jungfraujoch is located in Switzerland
Jungfraujoch
Jungfraujoch
Location in Switzerland
CountrySwitzerland
CantonsBern and Valais
Parent rangeBernese Alps
Topo mapSwiss Federal Office for Topography - swisstopo
Climbing
First ascenttraversed by Leslie Stephen and party (1862)
Jungfraujoch is a saddle[note 1] in the Bernese Alps, connecting the two four-thousander peaks Jungfrau[note 2][2][3] and Mönch, at an elevation of 3,466 metres (11,371 ft) above sea level. It is a glacier saddle, on the upper snows of the Aletsch Glacier, and part of the Jungfrau-Aletsch area, situated on the boundary between the cantons of Bern and Valais, halfway between Interlaken and Fiesch.
Since 1912, the Jungfraujoch has been accessible to tourists by the Jungfrau line, a railway from Interlaken and Kleine Scheidegg, running partly underground through a tunnel through the Eiger and Mönch. The Jungfraujoch railway station, at an elevation of 3,454 metres (11,332 ft) is the highest in Europe. It lies east of the saddle, below the Sphinx station, and is connected to the Top of Europe building, which includes several panoramic restaurants and a post office. Several tunnels lead outside, where secured hiking trails on the crevassed glacier can be followed, in particular to the Mönchsjoch Hut.
The Sphinx Observatory, one of the highest astronomical observatories in the world, provides an additional viewing platform at a height of 3,572 metres (11,719 ft). It can be reached by an elevator from the Jungfraujoch. The observatory houses one of the Global Atmosphere Watch's atmospheric research stations. The Jungfraujoch radio relay station, which is not accessible to the public, is installed west of the Jungfraujoch, on the Jungfrau ridge. It is Europe's highest radio relay station.
Jungfraujoch
Jungfraujoch (center, with the Sphinx Observatory) lies between Mönch (left) and Jungfrau (right)

    First ascent[edit]

    The northwest side of the saddle
    The Mönchsjoch Hut trail on the Jungfraufirn
    There is a tradition in the Bernese Oberland, supported by some documentary evidence, that a pass existed between Grindelwald and Fiesch in Valais in the late medieval period, later lost to the advancing glaciers.
    With the early development of tourism in Switzerland and the exploration of the High Alps in the 19th century, there were once again attempts to traverse the great ridge that encloses the head of the Aletsch Glacier, and connecting the Eggishorn with Grindelwald and Wengernalp. Four such routes were found, with the Jungfraujoch and the Eigerjoch being among the most difficult passes in the Alps.[4]
    The first passage of Jungfraujoch succeeded in July 1862, by a party of six English climbers and six Swiss guides: Leslie Stephen, F. J. Hardy, H. B. George, Living, Moore, and Morgan, with Christian Almer, Christian and Peter Michel, Ulrich Kauffmann, P. Baumann, and C. Bohren as guides. The time of ascent from Wengernalp was nine hours.
    The party turned back on the first day at a bergschrund, returning on the following day with a ladder 25 ft (7.6 m) in length, carried by Peter Rubi, a porter from Grindelwald. The way lay at first by the rocky buttress of the Mönch, separating the Eiger and Guggi glaciers. From the buttress the route descended a short distance in order to reach the Guggi Glacier, which could be ascended to a plateau. This halting place was reached in about three hours.
    Above the bergschrund was a second and smaller plateau which was situated immediately under the long slopes of broken neve that lay below the saddle. The final and very arduous stage in the ascent was a single patch of dark rocks jutted out from the snow in the ridge connecting the Jungfrau with the Mönch. After more than an hour of climbing, a great wall of ice, whose projecting cornice of snow was fringed by long icicles, had to be avoided bearing left in the direction of the Mönch, along the base of the wall by a slippery pathway of ice formed from the dripping from the icicles above. At a point where the pathway thinned out nearly to a point, and was cut across by a transverse crevasse, the wall became low enough to be scaled by the ladder. This was the last serious obstacle: a moderate slope of névé, unbroken by crevasses, then led up to the summit of the saddle.
    After reaching the first patch of rocks, a short way below the saddle on the south side, the party divided: George and Moore, with C. Almer and U. Kaufmann went down to the Eggishorn, while the remainder of the party returned to Grindelwald by the Mönchsjoch.[4]

    Image result for jungfraujoch

    Related image

    Jungfraujoch railway[edit]

    History[edit]

    Adolf Guyer-Zeller first thought of the idea of a tunnel in 1893, and at that point, he had planned to have seven stations inside the tunnel before reaching the peak of the Sphinx. The building of the tunnel started on July 27, 1896 and took 16 years to complete.[5] The construction phase was troubled by many problems including monetary shortages, inclement weather and mounting deaths due to construction accidents. The worst accident occurred in 1908, when 30 tons of dynamite accidentally exploded.
    When construction finally finished, the railway reached only to the height of the Jungfraujoch saddle, rather than the summit of the Sphinx, and had only two intermediate stations. However, even in its current state, the Jungfraubahn is a significant achievement in engineering and construction, still holding the title for highest railway in Europe.

    Railway[edit]

    The Jungfraujoch railway station at 3,450 meters (11,320 ft) above sea level
    The train into the mountain leaves from Kleine Scheidegg, which can be reached by trains from Grindelwald and Lauterbrunnen. The train enters the tunnel running eastward through the Eiger shortly after leaving Kleine Scheidegg.
    It runs close behind the Eiger's north face, stopping at Eigerwand, where there is a window about 8 m long and a metre high, halfway up the face. The windows have been placed in holes used to remove excavated rock from the tunnel during construction, and are also occasionally used as access points, by climbers, and also rescue parties. This window was used for one of the final scenes of a Clint Eastwood spy movieThe Eiger Sanction. There one can get off the train to admire the view before the train continues five minutes later. The tunnel then turns west, heading towards the Jungfrau. There is a second stop at a window looking out on the Eismeer ("Sea of Ice") before the train continues to the Jungfraujoch. The tunnel was constructed between 1898 and 1912; it is about 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) long, with gradients of up to 25%. The journey from Kleine Scheidegg to Jungfraujoch takes approximately 50 minutes including the stops at Eigerwand and Eismeer; the downhill return journey taking only 35 minutes.
    The Jungfraujoch complex plays an important role in John Christopher's The Tripods novels.

    Related image

    Hints & tips

    • Wear Outdoor shoes and carry jackets even in summer months
    • Explore Ice Palace 
    • Make sure to take a photo in front of the swiss flag
    • Don't forget to taste swiss Chocolate












    Image result for jungfraujoch
    Image result for jungfraujoch

    Disclaimer

    The above comments are based on my personal travel experiences to this particular location in the summer months. Your experience may vary due to weather and traffic.
    My trips were not sponsored by any of the authorities and my comments are not biased or representing any views of governing bodies.
    History and information extracted from Wikipedia and photos were selected from Google images and all rights reserved with original owners.
    This is only for an informational purpose. Not for commercial use.

    Note.

    Hope you will enjoy your visit. Please make your comments, suggestions & travel questions. I am happy to provide information on my earliest convenience & update the post accordingly.

    Image result for jungfraujoch

    Image result for jungfraujoch

    No comments:

    Post a Comment